APT29 Cozy Bear: Origins and Tactics

APT29 Cozy Bear: Origins and Tactics

If you think LockBit or BlackCat are your biggest problems, you’re playing checkers while the SVR is playing 4D chess.

We just finished a deep dive into APT29 (aka Midnight Blizzard / Nobelium), and the shift in their tradecraft over the last 18 months is terrifying. They aren't smashing windows anymore; they are forging the keys to the front door.

We often focus on the noisy "smash-and-grab" ransomware gangs, but Cozy Bear represents the "silent killer" of modern networks. They don't want your moneym they want your geopolitical strategy, your R&D, and your emails.

Here is the TL;DR on their modern doctrine:

Identity is the New Perimeter:

They stopped trying to brute force firewalls. Now, they target the Identity Provider (IdP). If they get your ADFS signing keys (Golden SAML) or compromise a legacy tenant (like they did to Microsoft), they can mint their own authentication tokens. They bypass MFA not by hacking it, but by becoming the system that checks it.

The "Microsoft Tax"

 Their breach of Microsoft wasn't sophisticated zero-day magic. It was a password spray on a legacy non-production tenant. From there? They pivoted to OAuth abuse to read the emails of Microsoft's own security leadership.

Supply Chain 2.0

SolarWinds was just the warm-up. They are now poisoning the trust relationships between Cloud Resellers (MSPs) and their downstream clients.

Why this matters to us

The financial impact isn't a ransom payment. It's the cost of "burning it down." When APT29 gets deep into your identity infrastructure, you often have to rebuild your entire Active Directory or Entra ID environment from scratch. That costs millions more than any Bitcoin ransom.

We’ve broken down their full history, their pivot to Cloud Identity attacks, and the specific Golden SAML technique in a full article and video.

👇 Deep Dive Here: 

👇 Video: 

0 comments

Leave a comment

Our Best Pick of Cyber Security Notes

Cyber Security Certification Notes
The Unofficial HackTheBox CJCA Study Notes + FREE Cheat Sheet

Cyber Security Certification Notes

Cyber Security Study Guides
The Kali Linux Pentesting Cheat Sheet

Cyber Security Study Guides

AI & ML Study Guides
Master AI for Content Creation, Business & Marketing

AI & ML Study Guides

IT Study Guides
The Definitive Networking Cheat Sheet (Tools)

IT Study Guides

Cybersecurity · Offensive & Defensive · Practitioner-First

Stop reading docs.
Start thinking like an attacker.

Field-ready notes, methodology breakdowns, and certification cheat sheets built by a practitioner for practitioners.

62K+YouTube Subscribers
20K+Web Visitors
4K+Students and Professionals Using The Notes

What's in the vault

Two tiers.
One clear mission.

Whether you're just getting started or deep in the trenches, there's a tier built for where you are right now. Free notes cover the essentials — premium unlocks the full playbook.

Free Access

The essentials,
on the house.

A curated library of beginner and intermediate notes you can access right now — no signup, no friction.

  • Introductory walkthroughs on core concepts
  • Tool overviews: Nmap, Burp Suite, Metasploit & more
  • Selected HTB writeup summaries
  • Foundational blue team methodology notes
  • YouTube companion write-ups
Start Reading Free
Premium

The full
practitioner playbook.

Every note, every cheat sheet, every methodology breakdown — structured the way a senior analyst actually thinks.

  • Full OSCP, CPTS, OSWE, HTB CDSA prep DISCOUNTS
  • Complete HTB machine writeups (Guardian, Expressway & more)
  • AI Red Teaming tooling comparison notes
  • SOC analyst learning roadmaps & playbooks
  • Threat intelligence methodology guides
  • Malware analysis case studies (NotPetya & more)
  • New content added continuously
Become a Member →

Coverage

What you'll actually use.

Notes built around real engagements, real exam objectives, and real SOC workflows — not a rehash of vendor documentation.

#Penetration TestingOSCP · CPTS · HTB
#Web App SecurityOSWE · Bug Bounty
#SOC & Blue TeamCDSA · SIEM · IR
#Threat IntelligenceTAXII · YARA · MITRE
#Malware AnalysisReverse Engineering
#AI Red TeamingGarak · PyRIT · LLM Sec
#Network SecurityActive Directory · Pivoting
#Tooling & AutomationScripts · Integrations

Cert Coverage

OSCP CPTS OSWE HTB CDSA CEH CompTIA Sec+ eJPT

The author

Motasem Hamdan

I'm a cybersecurity practitioner, technical writer, and content creator who got tired of resources that treat readers like beginners forever.

My notes are built the way I wish someone had built them when I was grinding through certs and CTFs — methodology-first, practitioner-grade, and structured for how analysts actually think on the job.

Over 62,000 people on YouTube follow along. Thousands more read on the site every month. These aren't notes for passing an exam and forgetting everything — they're references you'll keep coming back to.

motasem_notes — practitioner.sh
whoami
motasem_hamdan — cybersec_practitioner

cat expertise.txt
offensive_security: advanced
blue_team_soc:      advanced
threat_intel:       advanced
technical_writing:  practitioner-grade

ls content/
htb_writeups/  cert_cheatsheets/
ai_red_team/   soc_methodology/
threat_intel/  malware_analysis/

cat philosophy.txt
"teach how to think,
 not just what to type."

_

Membership

One subscription.
Everything unlocked.

Skip the hours lost searching fragmented resources. One membership gives you the full library, updated continuously as the threat landscape evolves.

Free $0 forever
  • Foundational notes library
  • Selected HTB summaries
  • YouTube companion write-ups
  • Tool overview guides
Start Reading
Store : One-Time Pay What You Want
  • Buy individual cheat sheets
  • Downloadable PDFs & guides
  • No recurring commitment
  • Yours to keep permanently
Browse Store

FAQ

Good questions.


The free tier has solid foundational content. Premium notes are written for intermediate-to-advanced practitioners — they assume you know the basics and want to go deeper. If you're grinding toward OSCP or working in a SOC, you'll feel right at home.
Continuously. New walkthroughs, methodology updates, and cheat sheets drop regularly — aligned with new HTB machines, cert updates, and emerging threat topics. As a member, you get access to everything as it lands.
Yes, absolutely. Membership is managed through Buy Me a Coffee — you can cancel any time directly from your account. No long-term lock-in, no awkward cancellation flows.
The membership gives you ongoing access to the full library for a monthly fee. The store lets you buy individual resources once and own them permanently — good if you just need one specific cert pack.
Definitely. Head to @MotasemHamdan on YouTube — over 62K subscribers and a large back-catalogue of walkthroughs, tool demos, and methodology breakdowns. Best way to see if the teaching style clicks for you before committing to anything.